UNESCO/Toson-Khulstai Biosphere Reserve
Changnyeong
General information
Located in the central northern region of Gyeongsangnam-do Province, Changnyeong Biosphere Reserve forms a tapestry of biodiversity and cultural heritage.
Encompassing habitats ranging from the lush forests of Mount Hwawang to the sprawling Upo Wetland and agricultural croplands, the region's diverse landscapes spans 531 km². It serves as a sanctuary for several species, nurturing a delicate balance between freshwater ecosystems, forests teeming with life and sustainable agriculture. Notably, Upo Wetland stands as a testament to successful conservation efforts, exemplified by the restoration of the endangered crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) since 2008. Changnyeong-gun County was recognized as a Ramsar Wetland City in 2018.
With a majority of the population residing in the transition area and buffer zone, the region is pioneering agricultural diversification by cultivating local specialties like onions and garlic alongside ecotourism ventures.
Detailed information
Key data
Year of nomination
2024
Country
Republic of Korea
Total population
61793
Area
Surface
53,051.00 ha
Total terresterial area
53,051.00 ha
Location
Latitiude: 35.508 - Longitude: 128.493
Ecological Characteristics
The main habitats are forests within and around Mt.Hwawang, cropland and wetlands including Upo Wetland. Forests occupy the largest area, followed by agricultural cropland such as paddy fields and dry fields, grassland and water bodies.
The site is home to many different species and encompasses a freshwater ecosystem with large and small wetlands and streams, a forest ecosystem with excellent terrestrial biological resources and an agricultural ecosystem based on sustainable agriculture. It is an important area for the conservation of diversity of species inhabiting the transition areas that bridge the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Since 2008, the Upo Wetland has played a key role in successful efforts to restore the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) population, showcasing the significant impact that conservation initiatives can have on the recovery of endangered species. This achievement serves as a testament to the importance of preserving and restoring natural habitats to ensure the survival of vulnerable wildlife populations. In 2018, the Upo Wetland was recognized as a Ramsar Wetland City.
Socio-Economics Characteristics
The primary economic activities are agriculture and tourism, with representative local specialties including onions and garlic, both of which are crucial sources of income for local farmers. To stimulate the local economy while promoting conservation and the wise use of the regional natural ecosystem, Changnyeong-gun County has turned to ecotourism, leveraging natural ecological resources such as the Upo Wetland, Mt.Hwawang and the Nakdong River Waterfront Park.
The site is the first area in the country to implement agricultural diversification, cultivating industrial crops alongside traditional rice and barley farming.
