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Through primary data collection and key informant interviews, the study surveyed 379 TVET institutions across 34 provinces in Afghanistan. 

• TVET student enrolment rate decreased by 90% for female students and increased by 3% for male student between 2021-2023. 
• Common challenges faced by TVET institutions include: limited development budget, limited curriculum implementation, declining class size, and infrastructure challenges.
• There are 16 disability-inclusive TVET institutions, which offer specialized TVET programmes equivalent to Grades 1-12 of general education. They are the only institutions that still accept girls in the formal TVET subsector, but only up until Grade 6.