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On 13 and 14 June 2024, in Buenos Aires, the first Regional Summit of Parliamentarians on Artificial Intelligence and the Latin America Agenda was held, bringing together 30 parliamentarians from across the region.

This summit led to robust discussions on AI regulation and to develop a common regional stance on AI-related issues.

During the summit, UNESCO introduced nine distinct regulatory approaches to AI, designed to inform and guide parliamentarians in crafting effective AI legislation. These approaches are:

1. Principles-Based Approach: Focuses on establishing broad ethical principles to guide AI development and use.
2. Standards-Based Approach: Involves creating specific technical standards for AI systems to ensure safety and compliance.
3. Agile and Experimentalist Approach: Encourages flexibility and experimentation in AI regulation to adapt to rapid technological changes.
4. Facilitating and Enabling Approach: Aims to support AI innovation while ensuring it aligns with societal goals.
5. Adapting Existing Laws Approach: Involves modifying current legal frameworks to accommodate AI technologies.
6. Access to Information and Transparency Mandates Approach: Ensures that AI systems operate transparently and that relevant information is accessible to stakeholders.
7. Risk-Based Approach: Focuses on assessing and mitigating the risks associated with AI applications.
8. Rights-Based Approach: Prioritizes the protection of human rights in the deployment of AI technologies.
9. Punitive Approach: Establishes penalties for non-compliance with AI regulations.

Professor Juan David Gutierrez from the Universidad de los Andes highlighted the importance of these approaches, noting that they represent different pieces of a puzzle that must be tailored to each country's unique context and public policy challenges. The goal is for countries to find the regulatory instruments that best support the development of their AI systems.

UNESCO's efforts are part of a broader initiative to engage parliamentarians globally in evidence-based policymaking for AI. Earlier this year, UNESCO, in partnership with Inter Parliamentary Union (IPU) and the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) Parliamentary Track, organized for parliamentarians, reaching representatives from 110 parliaments worldwide. [PS1] These initiatives underscore the growing role of parliamentarians in shaping legislative and policy frameworks to harness AI's benefits while addressing its challenges.

As AI continues to impact the world, UNESCO remains committed to supporting ethical and effective AI governance that respects human rights and promotes sustainable development.