Abolition of the Army in Costa Rica, 1949


Registration Year: 2016
ID: 135/2016
Institution: Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica

Related Documents

The National Archive of Costa Rica has nominated two documents in its custody on the abolition of the army in Costa Rica, an example to the world that it is possible to live in an unarmed democracy. This decision of the provisional government, made immediately after an armed conflict, which makes it even more admirable, has allowed Costa Rica to be an example, worldwide, of a pacifist anti-military nation, which resolves conflicts and external threats through the instruments provided by International Law. 

Costa Rica became the first country in the world to abolish its army in 1949. The decision gave institutional force to the anti-military regime in Costa Rican political life. In the international arena, the abolition of the army marked a new experience for diplomacy, it gave world credibility to pacifist intentions, and demonstrated that it is possible for a country to live without an army, without armed forces, and invest these resources in greater and better social development. It has shown that a State, by voluntarily disarming, can achieve a better distribution of wealth, giving priority to social development in aspects such as health and education instead of investing in weapons, thus contributing to a population with fuller rights, more stable and more developed.

Both documents were inscribed on the Regional Register for Latin America and the Caribbean in 2016 and on the Memory of the World International Register in 2017.


Risks encountered

Environmental issues

Identified risksLevel of risk
Moisture
Low
Temperature
Low
Light (visible light, ultraviolet radiation, etc.)
None
Dust
Low
Pollution
None
Pests (rodents, animals, insects, etc.)
None
Microorganisms (bacteria, mould, etc.)
None

Management or organizational issues

Identified risksLevel of risk
Lack of maintenance, including cleaning
None
Inadequate building
None
Building with structural damage
None
Lack of an adequate warehouse
None
Lack of boxes and/or archive materials
None
Lack of human resources
None
Lack of security measures
None
Insufficient budget to operate
Moderate

Natural disaster risks

Identified risksLevel of risk
Fires
Low
Rains
Low
Mudslides or landslides
None
Floods
None
Hurricanes, cyclones, storms
Low
Earthquakes
Low
Tsunamis
None
Volcanic eruptions
Low
Temperature increase
Low

Political and/or social risks

Identified risksLevel of risk
Armed conflicts
None
Illegal trafficking of documents
Low
Thefts or robberies
Low
Vandalism
None
Threatening socio-cultural environment
Low
Lack of support/public policies
Low

Environment (location) issues

Identified risksLevel of risk
Material/storage units
None
Furniture
None
Room or warehouse
None
Building
None
Site or neighbourhood
None
Area or region, beyond the neighbourhood
None

Indicators

Identified risks
Management Plan
Yes
Response Protocol
Yes
Documentary heritage digitization
Yes, partially
Documentary heritage availability on the internet
Yes, partially