Engineering

Engineering is the field of practice, profession and art that relates to the development, acquisition and application of technical scientific and mathematical knowledge. It is about the understanding, design, development, invention, innovation and the use of materials, machines, structures, systems and processes for specific purposes.
Last update:10 February 2025

Engineer is one of the oldest professions in the world, and engineers have played an important role in shaping the world as we know it. Their understanding of structures helped build many of the World Heritage sites including the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur and the hydrological systems of the Angkor Complex in Cambodia. They have also built our communication networks from the early electrical telegraphs to cyberspace. Most of the broader history of civilization, of economic and social relations, is also the history of engineering, engineering applications and innovation.

Engineers’ skills are essential to address basic human needs, alleviate poverty, promote secure and sustainable development, respond to emergency situations, reconstruct infrastructure, bridge the knowledge divide and promote intercultural cooperation. Despite the social and economic importance of engineers, there is increasing concern that declining enrolment in engineering studies might have a negative impact on future development. UNESCO is addressing this concern through its partnerships with professional engineering societies, educational institutions, industries, and civil society organizations.

How UNESCO promotes engineering

Ensuring that future generations of engineers and scientists will be able to design solutions for local and global challenges is critical. UNESCO promotes engineering education at the secondary and tertiary levels and highlights the accomplishments of women and youth in engineering fields. The Organization emphasizes the importance of renewable and alternative energies for sustainable engineering practices. By showcasing how youth are taking on contemporary engineering challenges and how professional engineers are shattering gender-based stereotypes, UNESCO aims to inspire the next generation of engineers.